There were many different plucked instruments that were being invented and used in Europe and the far east, during the Middle Ages. Acoustic ; Usually steel stringed with an arched top variants cut in different shapes and the most popular in the western world. The acoustic guitar group also includes unamplified guitars designed to play in different registers, such as the acoustic bass guitar, which has a similar tuning to that of the electric bass guitar, and electro-acoustic models which have pick-ups.
Classical ; Classical guitars, also known as "Spanish" guitars, are typically strung with nylon strings, plucked with the fingers, played in a seated position and are used to play a diversity of musical styles including classical music. The classical guitar's wide, flat neck allows the musician to play scales, arpeggios, and certain chord forms more easily and with less adjacent string interference than on other styles of guitar.
Electric ; Electric guitars can have solid, semi-hollow, or hollow bodies; solid bodies produce little sound without amplification. Electromagnetic pickups, and sometimes piezoelectric pickups, convert the vibration of the steel strings into signals, which are fed to an amplifier through a patch cable or radio transmitter.
The sound is frequently modified by other electronic devices effects units or the natural distortion of valves vacuum tubes or the pre-amp in the amplifier. Bass ; The bass guitar also called an "electric bass", or simply a "bass" is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length.
The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, E, A, D, and G. The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds as is the double bass to avoid excessive ledger lines being required below the staff. Like the electric guitar, the bass guitar has pickups and it is plugged into an amplifier and speaker for live performances.
When you look at a string instrument, the first thing you'll probably notice is that it's made of wood, so why is it called a string instrument? The bodies of the string instruments, which are hollow inside to allow sound to vibrate within them, are made of different kinds of wood, but the part of the instrument that makes the sound is the strings, which are made of nylon, steel or sometimes gut.
The strings are played most often by drawing a bow across them Arco or plucking Pizzicato. Violin ; The Violin is the smallest of the string family, and the highest pitched. There are more violins in the orchestra than any other instrument there can be up to 34! A typical-sized violin is around 24 inches two feet long, with a slightly longer bow. Mandolin A small, stringed instrument of the lute family.
It has a pear shaped body, strings in four pairs and a neck similar to a guitar. Musical Bow A simple string instrument used by a number of South African peoples, that consists of a flexible stick and strung end to end with a taut cord, usually metal. It can be played with the hands or a wooden stick or branch. Rebab A medieval Arabic bowed musical instrument having from one to three strings, shaped typically like a small lute.
Setar An Iranian musical instrument and member of the lute family. Shamisen A three-stringed traditional Japanese musical instrument. Sitar A plucked stringed instrument, originating from the Indian subcontinent. Tambura A stringed drone instrument played in India.
Tar An Iranian long-necked, waisted lute family instrument, shared by many cultures and countries. Ukulele A small wooden instrument with four strings, similar to a guitar. The ukulele was brought to Hawaii by Portuguese settlers in the 's, and quickly became popular with native Hawaiians.
Vihuela A 15th-century fretted plucked Spanish string instrument, that is shaped like a guitar but tuned like a lute. Viola Slightly larger than the violin, this member of the string family has a hollow wooden body, four strings that are tuned with pegs, and is played with a bow. There are usually 10 to 14 violas in an orchestra and they almost always play the harmony.
You play the viola the same way as you do the violin, by resting it between your chin and shoulder. Your left hand holds the neck of the viola and presses down on the strings to change the pitch, while your right hand moves the bow or plucks the strings.
The cello looks like the violin and viola but is much larger around 4 feet long , and has thicker strings than either the violin or viola. Of all the string instruments, the cello sounds most like a human voice, and it can make a wide variety of tones, from warm low pitches to bright higher notes. There are usually 8 to 12 cellos in an orchestra and they play both harmony and melody. Since the cello is too large to put under your chin, you play it sitting down with the body of the cello between your knees, and the neck on your left shoulder.
The body of the cello rests on the ground and is supported by a metal peg. You play the cello in a similar manner to the violin and viola, using your left hand to press down on the strings, and your right hand to move the bow or pluck the strings.
This is the grandfather of the string family. At over 6 feet long, the double bass is the biggest member of the string family, with the longest strings, which allow it to play very low notes. The 6 to 8 double basses of the orchestra are almost always playing the harmony.
They are so big that you have to stand up or sit on a very tall stool to play them, and it helps if you have long arms and big hands. Like the cello, the body of the double bass stands on the ground, supported by a metal peg, and the neck rests on your left shoulder.
You produce sound just like on a cello, using the left hand to change pitch and the right to move the bow or pluck the string. The harp is different from the other stringed instruments.
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